Electronic Circuits: power supply

Showing posts with label power supply. Show all posts

Saturday, February 26, 2022

4A Low-Noise High-Frequency Step-Up DC-DC Converter using MAX1709 with PCB

Electronic Circuits Circuits to Assemble , Electronic Circuits

Fig. 1 - 4A Low-Noise High-Frequency Step-Up DC-DC Converter using MAX1709 with PCB

This is a DC-DC converter circuit that uses a MAX1709 series Integrated Circuit as the main component, it works with a Step-Up conversion system.

This powerful microcircuit is able to work with very few external components and deliver a fixed 3.3V or 5V or adjustable 2.5V to 5.5V voltage, with 4 Amperes of output current.

Integrated Circuit General Description

The MAX1709 sets a new standard of space savings for high-power, step-up DC-DC conversion. It delivers up to 20W at a fixed (3.3V or 5V) or adjustable (2.5V to5.5V) output, using an on-chip power MOSFET from a +0.7V to +5V supply.

Fixed-frequency PWM operation ensures that the switching noise spectrum is constrained to the 600kHz fundamental and its harmonics, allowing easy post filtering for noise reduction.

External clock synchronization capability allows for even tighter noise spectrum control. Quiescent power consumption is less than 1mW to extend operating time in battery-powered systems.

Two control inputs (ONA, ONB) allow simple push-on, push-off control through a single momentary push button switch, as well as conventional on/off logic control.

The MAX1709 also features programmable soft-start and current limit for design flexibility and optimum performance with batteries.

The maximum RMS switch cur-rent rating is 10A. For a device with a lower current rating, smaller size, and lower cost, refer to the MAX1708 datasheet.

The Circuit Schematic

In Figure 2, below, we can see the schematic diagram of 4A Low-Noise High-Frequency Step-Up DC-DC Converter using MAX1709.

The circuit is simple to assemble, there are few external components, and there is no need for adjustment, once assembled, it is ready to work, if everything is correct, of course!

The PCB tracks are bent, the main ones have their tracks at the bottom and at the top of the PCB, because the current is 4 amperes.

The capacitors are tantalum, however if you can't find them, electrolytic capacitors can be used, however for more sensitive circuits, the performance may not be as expected, but in most circuits they work very well.

The DC-DC converter supports input from 0.7V up to 5V, and at the output it maintains the stabilized voltage of 5V, however to get the promised 4 Amps, it is necessary to have at least 3.3V at the input.

Fig. 2 - Schematic Circuit 4A Low-Noise High-Frequency Step-Up DC-DC Converter using MAX1709

Components List

Semiconductors

U1 ...... MAX1709 SMD Integrated Circuit
D1 ..... B520C SMD Schottky Diode 5A

Resistor

R1 ..... 312KΩ SMD resistor (orange, brown, red, orange, gold)
R2 ..... 2Ω SMD resistor (red, black, black, gold)

Capacitor

C1, C2, C6, C7 ... 150uF SMD Tantalum Capacitor
C3 ....................... 10nF SMD Ceramic Capacitor
C4 ....................... 220nF SMD Ceramic Capacitor
C5 ....................... 100nF SMD Ceramic Capacitor

Miscellaneous

L1 .......... 1uH 5A SMD Inductor
P1, P2 .... 2-pin PCB soldering terminal blocks (Optional)
Others .... Printed Circuit Board, wires, etc.

Printed Circuit Board

In Figure 3, we provide the PCB - Printed Circuit Board, in GERBER, PDF and PNG files. These files are available for free download, on the MEGA server, in a direct link, without any bypass.

All to make it easier for you to do a more optimized assembly, either at home, or with a company that prints the board. You can download the files in the Download option below.

Fig. 3 - PCB - 4A Low-Noise High-Frequency Step-Up DC-DC Converter Using MAX1709

Files to download, Direct Link:

Click on the link beside: GERBER, PDF and PNG files

If you have any questions, suggestions or corrections, please leave them in the comments and we will answer them soon.

Subscribe to our blog!!! Click Here - elcircuits.com!!!

My Best Regards!!!

USB 5V 4A Car Charger using 78S05 with PCB

Electronic Circuits Battery Charger , Circuits to Assemble

Fig. 1 - USB 5V 4A Car Charger using 78S05

This is a simple USB 5V 4A Car Charger circuit to charge a cell phone, tablet, or any other gadget that requires a voltage of 5V with a current of 2 Amperes via USB.

The circuit is a DC converter that takes power from a cigarette lighter socket in your vehicle, and converts the 12V battery voltage to a stabilized 5V voltage.

There are several models of USB chargers on the market, the problem is the high price, and the supply current is quite low, around 400mA to 600mA, smartphones currently have chargers with 1000mA, 1500mA, 2000mA...

The circuit is based on the LM78S05 IC, it is extremely easy to build, using very few components.

L78S00 Description

The L78S00 series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220 and TO-3 package sand with several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications.

These regulators can provide local on card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut-down and safe area protection, making it essentially indestructible.

If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 2A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltage sand currents.

Feature

Output Current to 2A.
Output Voltage of: 5 ; 7.5 ; 9 ; 10 ; 12 ; 15 ;18 ; 24V.
Thermal Overload Protection.
Short Circuit Protection.
Output Transistor SOA Protection

Circuit Operation

In Figure 2, below, we can see the schematic diagram of USB 5V 4A Car Charger using 78S05, the Circuit's operation is pretty basic, what happens is that when you plug your USB converter into the cigarette socket of your car, it converts this 12V battery voltage to a regulated 5V voltage.

Fig. 2 - Schematic circuit USB 5V 4A Car Charger using 78S05

The total output current of the circuit is 4 Amps, 2A for each USB port, this is enough current to charge any USB device today.

The circuit has overload protection, which means that if there is a short circuit on the output, or if a device with higher current is connected to the USB converter, it will shut down, until that current is reduced to a maximum of 2A.

Components List

Semiconductors

U1, U2 ...... 78S05 Integrated Circuit Voltage regulator
LED1 .... Light Emitter Diodo, general purpose

Resistor

R1 ..... 4.7KΩ (yellow, violet, orange, gold)
RP1 ......... 10KΩ Trimpot

Capacitor

C1 .......... 47nF Ceramic Capacitor
C2 .......... 100nF Ceramic Capacitor
C3 .......... 4.700uF / 35V Electrolytic Capacitor

Miscellaneous

F1 .......... 20A - 250V soldering Fuse
P1 .......... 2-pin PCB soldering terminal blocks
P2 .......... 3-pin PCB soldering terminal blocks
Others .... Printed Circuit Board, heat sink, wires, etc.

Printed Circuit Board

All to make it easier for you to do a more optimized assembly, either at home, or with a company that prints the board. You can download the files in the Download option below.

Fig. 3 - PCB - USB 5V 4A Car Charger using 78S05

Files to Download, Direct Link:

Click on the link beside: GERBER, PDF and PNG files

If you have any questions, suggestions or corrections, please leave them in the comments and we will answer them soon.

Subscribe to our blog!!! Click Here - elcircuits.com!!!

My Best Regards!!!

Adjustable Switching Power Supply 5.1 to 40V, 2.5 Amp using L4960 + PCB

Electronic Circuits Circuits to Assemble , Electronic Circuits

Fig. 1 - Adjustable Switching Power Supply 5.1 to 40V, 2.5 Amp using L4960

In this article, we present an adjustable power supply with a stabilized output that varies from 5.1 to 40V, with a current of 2.5 amps.

This one can also have its stabilized voltage fixed, everything will depend on the type of project you are going to use.

The adjustable power supply is based on IC L4960 which is a monolithic power switching regulator IC, delivering 2.5A at a voltage variable from 5V to 40V in step down configuration.

Features of the device include current limiting, soft start, thermal protection and 0 to 100% duty cycle for continuous operation mode.

The complete schematic diagram of the power supply is shown below in Figure 2, it is a simple but complete power supply.

Fig. 2 - Schematic Adjustable Switching Power Supply 5.1 to 40V, 2.5 Amp using L4960

CIRCUIT OPERATION

The L4960 is a monolithic step down switching regulator providing output voltages from 5.1V to 40V and delivering 2.5A.

The regulation loop consists of a sawtooth oscillator, error amplifier, comparator and the output stage. An error signal is produced by comparing the output voltage with a precise 5.1V on-chip reference (zener zap trimmed to ± 2%).

This error signal is then compared with the sawtooth signal to generate the fixed frequency pulse width modulated pulses which drive the output stage.

The gain and frequency stability of the loop can be adjusted by an external RC network connected to pin 3.

Closing the loop directly gives an output voltage of 5.1V. Higher voltages are obtained by inserting a voltage divider.

You may be interested in:

Output overcurrent at switch on are prevented by the soft start function. The error amplifier output is initially clamped by the external capacitor Css and allowed to rise, linearly, as this capacitor is charged by a constant current source. Output overload protection is provided in the form of a current limiter.

The load current is sensed by an internal metal resistor connected to a comparator. When the load current exceeds a preset threshold this comparator sets a flip flop which disables the output stage and discharges the soft start capacitor.

A second comparator resets the flip flop when the voltage across the soft start capacitor has fallen to 0.4V.

The output stage is thus re-enabled and the output voltage rises under control of the soft start network.

If the overload condition is still present the limiter will trigger again when the threshold current is reached. The average short circuit current is limited to a safe value by the dead time introduced by the soft start network.

The thermal overload circuit disables circuit operation when the junction temperature reaches about 150°C and has hysteresis to prevent unstable conditions.

Efficient operation at switching frequencies up to 150KHz allows a reduction in the size and cost of external filter components.

The L4960 is mounted in a plastic Heptawatt power pack, and the pinouts are shown in Figure 3 below.

Fig. 3 - L4960 IC Heptawatt Pinout

Download

We provide the files with the PCB, the schematic, the PDF, GERBER and JPG, PNG and provide a direct link for free download and a direct link, "MEGA".

Click on the direct link to download the files: Layout PCB, PDF, GERBER, JPG

Fig. 4 - Adjustable Switching Power Supply 5.1 to 40V, 2.5 Amp using L4960

If you have any questions, suggestions or corrections, please leave them in the comments and we will answer them soon.

Subscribe to our blog!!! Click Here - elcircuits.com!!!

My Best Regards!!!

High Precision 5 Volts 3 Amp Voltage Regulator Circuit using TL431 + PCB

Electronic Circuits Circuits to Assemble , Electronic Circuits

Circuits with a high level of sensitivity require a stable supply, they are generally difficult to be powered by power supplies, due to the high level of sensitivity needed to provide stable voltage in the circuit.

However, we are introducing a stabilized power supply with an accurate output to power any sensitive circuit, such as microcontroller circuits, microprocessor circuits, RF transmission, PICs, and so on.

Today we are going to build a very precise circuit, which uses a very well-known component that is widely used in SMPS power supplies, especially ATX PC power supplies, “which looks more like a transistor”.

The 3-Pin TL431 Integrated Circuit, It offers better stability, less temperature deviation (VI (dev)) and less reference current (Iref) for greater system accuracy.

You may be interested in:

The TL431 device is an adjustable tap regulator with thermal stability specified in the applicable automotive, commercial, and military temperature ranges.

The output voltage can be set to any value between Vref (approximately 2.5V) to 36V, with two external resistors. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2 Ω.

The active output circuitry provides a very crisp activation characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for Zener diodes in many applications such as integrated regulation, tunable power supplies and switched power supplies.

Characteristics

Reference voltage tolerance at 25°C
0.5% (class B)
1% (class A)
2% (standard class)
Adjustable output voltage: Vref to 36V
Operation from -40 °C to 125 °C
Typical temperature deviation (TL43xB)
6 mV (temperature C)
14 mV (I Temp, Q Temp)
Low output noise
0.2 Ω typical output impedance
Sink current capacity: 1 mA to 100 mA
Application
Adjustable voltage and current reference
Secondary lateral adjustment in Flyback SMPSs
Zener Replacement
voltage monitoring
Comparator with integrated reference

In Figure 2 below, we have the schematic diagram of the High Precision Voltage Regulator Circuit with TL431 IC, the LM350 IC, provides a current of up to 3 Amps.

Fig. 1 - High Precision 5 Volts 3 Amp Voltage Regulator Circuit - TL431

With the TL431 IC, they provide a precise 5V output, which is often necessary for precision microcontrollers, sensitive equipment, that require a stabilized voltage, this circuit is ideal for that.

The power supply must provide a current of at least 3 Amps. Its input voltage must be greater than 7 Volts, to avoid overheating the LM350 IC, voltages no greater than 15V must be used.

Components List

CI 1 ......... Voltage Regulator Circuit LM350
CI 2 ......... Adjustable Regulator Circuit TL431
R1 ........... 8K2Ω Resistor (grey, red, red)
R2, R3 ..... Precision resistor 243Ω 1% (red, yellow, orange, black, brown)
P1, P2 ..... Soldering terminals on 2-pin PCI
Others ..... Printed Circuit Board, tin, wires, etc.

Download

We provide the files with the PCB, the schematic, the PDF, GERBER and JPG, PNG and provide a direct link for free download and a direct link, "MEGA".
Fig. 2 - High Precision 5 Volts 3 Amp Voltage Regulator Circuit - TL431

Click on the direct link to download the files: Layout PCB, PDF, GERBER, JPG
If you have any questions, suggestions or corrections, please leave them in the comments and we will answer them soon.
Subscribe to our blog!!! Click here - elcircuits.com!!!
My Best Regards!!!

Symmetrical Power Supply for Power Amplifiers using Calculation + PCB

Electronic Circuits Circuits to Assemble , Electronic Circuits

Fig. 1 - Symmetrical Power Supply for Power Amplifiers

For power amplifier lovers, who build their own audio power amplifiers, here is a good full wave rectifier linear symmetric power supply that will meet the power demand without leaving anything to be desired in terms of stability.

This power supply is designed for amplifiers with power up to 2500W, it will work without any problems with great stability.

Most power amplifier circuits require a symmetrical power supply, and what differs from each other is always the power required from the supply.

As we know, a good power supply with good filtering will determine the quality and final power of your amplifier.

You may be interested in:

The complete schematic diagram of the power supply is shown below in Figure 2, it is a simple but complete power supply.

Fig.2 - Electrical schematic Symmetrical Power Supply for Power Amplifiers

However, it is worth remembering that for each amplifier power range, we can assemble a type of power supply according to the power of your amplifier.

We are presenting 3 different configurations to exemplify the different types of power amplifiers.

There are 3 examples of simplified formulas for you to calculate the power supply Current and Voltage according to the power of your amplifier.

Remembering that the PCB printed circuit board is the same for all configurations.

Configuration 1:

In this configuration, we can use amplifiers that have a total power up to 400W

We need to calculate the maximum power supply current, considering 45V supply, and the maximum power of 400W. Calculating ohms Law: P = V * I

I = P / V
I = 400/45
I = 8.88A

Now you need to stipulate the maximum ripple allowed in your design, in this case: If you set the maximum ripple voltage to 5%!

V_ripple = V_ps * 5%
V_ripple = 45V * 5%
V_ripple = 2.25V

Once the maximum ripple voltage has been stipulated, we need to calculate the capacitor for that ripple at 5% of the source, "You may be calculating the percentage that best suits your design."

Capacitor Calculation Formula : C = I / F * V_ripple

C = 8.88 / 120 * 2.25
C = 8.88 / 270
C = 0.032888 = > C = 32.888X10^-6 = 32.888uF

As our board was designed to support 6 capacitors. We can divide the entire value into uF and divide by 6 Capacitors.

C_individual = 32.888 / 6
C_individual = 5.481uF

For a closer commercial capacitors value, we have:

C_individual = 6.800uF / 63V

6 x 6.800uF Capacitor
15A rectifier bridge

Configuration 2:

In this configuration, we can use amplifiers that have a total power up to 1200W

We need to calculate the maximum power supply current, considering 75V supply, and the maximum power of 1200W. Calculating ohms Law: P = V * I

I = P / V
I = 1200/75
I = 16A

Now you need to stipulate the maximum ripple allowed in your design, in this case: If you set the maximum ripple voltage to 5%!

V_ripple = V_ps * 5%
V_ripple = 75V * 5%
V_ripple = 3.75V

Once the maximum ripple voltage has been stipulated, we need to calculate the capacitor for that ripple at 5% of the source, "You may be calculating the percentage that best suits your design."

Capacitor Calculation Formula : V_ripple = I / F * C

C = I / F * V_ripple
C = 16 / 120 * 3.75
C = 16 / 450
C = 0.035555 = > C = 35.555X10^-6 = 35.555uF

As our board was designed to support 6 capacitors. We can divide the entire value into uF and divide by 6 Capacitors.

C_individual = 35.555 / 6
C_individual = 5.925uF

For a closer commercial capacitors value, we have:

C_individual = 6.800uF / 100V

6 x 6.800uF Capacitor
25A rectifier bridge

Configuration 3:

In this configuration, we can use amplifiers that have a total power up to 2500W

We need to calculate the maximum power supply current, considering 95V supply, and the maximum power of 2500W. Calculating ohms Law: P = V * I

I = P / V
I = 2500/95
I = 26A

Now you need to stipulate the maximum ripple allowed in your design, in this case: If you set the maximum ripple voltage to 5%!

V_ripple = V_ps * 5%
V_ripple = 95V * 5%
V_ripple = 4.75V

Once the maximum ripple voltage has been stipulated, we need to calculate the capacitor for that ripple at 5% of the source, "You may be calculating the percentage that best suits your design."

Capacitor Calculation Formula : C = I / F * V_ripple

C = 26 / 120 * 4.75
C = 26 / 570
C = 0.045614 = > C = 45.614X10^-6 = 45.614uF

As our board was designed to support 6 capacitors. We can divide the entire value into uF and divide by 6 Capacitors.

C_individual = 45.614 / 6
C_individual = 7.602uF

For a closer commercial capacitors value, we have:

C_individual = 10.000uF / 200V

6 x 10.000uF Capacitor
40A rectifier bridge

Download

We provide the files with the PCB, the schematic, the PDF, GERBER and JPG, PNG and provide a direct link for free download and a direct link, "MEGA".

Click on the direct link to download the files: Layout PCB, PDF, GERBER, JPG

If you have any questions, suggestions or corrections, please leave them in the comments and we will answer them soon.

Subscribe to our blog!!! Click here - elcircuits.com!!!

My Best Regards!!!

Saturday, February 26, 2022

4A Low-Noise High-Frequency Step-Up DC-DC Converter using MAX1709 with PCB

Integrated Circuit General Description

You may be interested in:

The Circuit Schematic

Components List

Printed Circuit Board

Files to download, Direct Link:

Monday, February 7, 2022

USB 5V 4A Car Charger using 78S05 with PCB

You may be interested in:

L78S00 Description

Feature

Circuit Operation

Components List

Printed Circuit Board

Files to Download, Direct Link:

Monday, December 6, 2021

Adjustable Switching Power Supply 5.1 to 40V, 2.5 Amp using L4960 + PCB

CIRCUIT OPERATION

You may be interested in:

Download

Thursday, December 2, 2021

High Precision 5 Volts 3 Amp Voltage Regulator Circuit using TL431 + PCB

You may be interested in:

Characteristics

Components List

Download

Monday, November 29, 2021

Symmetrical Power Supply for Power Amplifiers using Calculation + PCB

You may be interested in:

Configuration 1:

Configuration 2:

Configuration 3:

Download

Total Views

Followers

TAGs

Most Viewed

Labels List

Contact Form - Receive the News

Recebe as Novidades - Cadastre Aqui!